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Gravitation question

2021 · Shift 2 · Q56
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Gravitation question

2021 · Shift 2 · Q56

JEE AdvancedPhysicsGravitationNumerical+4 / −1
The distance between two stars of masses 3MS and 6MS is 9R. Here R is the mean distance between the centers of the Earth and the Sun, and MS is the mass of the Sun. The two stars orbit around their common center of mass in circular orbits with period nT, where T is the period of Earth's revolution around the Sun. The value of n is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 9

  1. Given data
  • Masses of the two stars:
    m1=3MS,m2=6MSm_1 = 3M_S, \qquad m_2 = 6M_Sm1​=3MS​,m2​=6MS​
  • Distance between them:
    a=9Ra = 9Ra=9R
  • We need the orbital period of their circular motion about the common center of mass, say P=nTP = nTP=nT.
  • TTT is the Earth's orbital period around the Sun at radius RRR.

  1. Use the two-body orbital period formula

For two masses separated by distance aaa, revolving in circular orbits under mutual gravitation, the period is

P=2πa3G(m1+m2)P = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{a^3}{G(m_1+m_2)}}P=2πG(m1​+m2​)a3​​

Here,

m1+m2=3MS+6MS=9MSm_1+m_2 = 3M_S+6M_S = 9M_Sm1​+m2​=3MS​+6MS​=9MS​

and

a=9Ra=9Ra=9R

So,

P=2π(9R)3G(9MS)P = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{(9R)^3}{G(9M_S)}}P=2πG(9MS​)(9R)3​​

P=2π729R39GMSP = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{729R^3}{9GM_S}}P=2π9GMS​729R3​​

P=2π81R3GMSP = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{81R^3}{GM_S}}P=2πGMS​81R3​​

P=9⋅2πR3GMSP = 9\cdot 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{R^3}{GM_S}}P=9⋅2πGMS​R3​​


  1. Relate with Earth's orbital period

For Earth revolving around the Sun,

T=2πR3GMST = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{R^3}{GM_S}}T=2πGMS​R3​​

Therefore,

P=9TP = 9TP=9T

Hence,

n=9n=9n=9


  1. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer: 999
Derived answer: 999

They match.

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