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Electromagnetic Induction question

2020 · Shift 2 · Q53
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Electromagnetic Induction question

2020 · Shift 2 · Q53

JEE AdvancedPhysicsElectromagnetic InductionNumerical+4 / −1
The inductors of two LR circuits are placed next to each other, as shown in the figure. The values of the self-inductance of the inductors, resistors, mutual-inductance and applied voltages are specified in the given circuit. After both the switches are closed simultaneously, the total work done by the batteries against the induced EMF in the inductors by the time the currents reach their steady state values is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​ mJ. JEE Advanced 2020 Paper 2 Offline Physics - Electromagnetic Induction Question 11 English
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 55

The figure is not visible in the prompt, so the numerical values of the two self-inductances, the two resistances, the mutual inductance, the battery voltages, and the relative polarity/dot convention are missing. Without those data, the total work done by the batteries against induced emf cannot be uniquely calculated from first principles.

However, the required physics result is:

1. Energy stored in two mutually coupled inductors

If the final steady currents are I1I_1I1​ and I2I_2I2​, then the total magnetic energy stored is U=12L1I12+12L2I22±MI1I2,U = \frac{1}{2}L_1 I_1^2 + \frac{1}{2}L_2 I_2^2 \pm M I_1 I_2,U=21​L1​I12​+21​L2​I22​±MI1​I2​, where the sign depends on whether the mutual coupling is aiding or opposing according to the dot convention.

2. Why this equals the work done against induced emf

In an LR circuit, the battery does work partly against resistor dissipation and partly against the back emf of the inductors. The total work done against induced emf from t=0t=0t=0 to steady state equals the final magnetic energy stored in the coupled inductors. Hence, Wagainst induced emf=12L1I12+12L2I22±MI1I2.W_{\text{against induced emf}} = \frac{1}{2}L_1 I_1^2 + \frac{1}{2}L_2 I_2^2 \pm M I_1 I_2.Wagainst induced emf​=21​L1​I12​+21​L2​I22​±MI1​I2​.

3. Steady-state currents

At steady state, inductors behave as short circuits, so I1=V1R1,I2=V2R2I_1 = \frac{V_1}{R_1}, \qquad I_2 = \frac{V_2}{R_2}I1​=R1​V1​​,I2​=R2​V2​​ for the two loops, assuming simple series LR branches.

Thus the numerical answer should be W=12L1(V1R1)2+12L2(V2R2)2±M(V1R1)(V2R2).W = \frac{1}{2}L_1\left(\frac{V_1}{R_1}\right)^2 + \frac{1}{2}L_2\left(\frac{V_2}{R_2}\right)^2 \pm M\left(\frac{V_1}{R_1}\right)\left(\frac{V_2}{R_2}\right).W=21​L1​(R1​V1​​)2+21​L2​(R2​V2​​)2±M(R1​V1​​)(R2​V2​​).

To convert into mJ, multiply joules by 10310^3103.

4. Comparison with stored answer

Since the figure values are missing, I cannot independently derive the numeric value 55 mJ55\,\text{mJ}55mJ from the given prompt alone. The stored answer may well be correct for the unseen circuit values, but the derivation cannot be completed uniquely without them.

So, based on the information available:

  • the method is certain,
  • the numeric verification is not possible from the text alone.
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