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Dual Nature of Radiation question

2011 · Shift 2 · Q56
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Dual Nature of Radiation question

2011 · Shift 2 · Q56

JEE AdvancedPhysicsDual Nature of RadiationNumerical+3 / −1
A silver sphere of radius 1 cm and work function 4.7 eV is suspended from an insulating thread in free-space. It is under continuous illumination of 200 nm wavelength light. As photoelectrons are emitted, the sphere gets charged and acquires a potential. The maximum number of photoelectrons emitted from the spheres is A ×\times× 10Z (where 1 < A < 10). The value of Z is ‾\underline{\hspace{2cm}}​.
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 7

  1. Given data
  • Radius of silver sphere: R=1 cm=10−2 mR = 1\text{ cm} = 10^{-2}\text{ m}R=1 cm=10−2 m
  • Work function: ϕ=4.7 eV\phi = 4.7\text{ eV}ϕ=4.7 eV
  • Incident wavelength: λ=200 nm\lambda = 200\text{ nm}λ=200 nm

We need the maximum number of photoelectrons emitted before emission stops.


  1. Maximum kinetic energy of emitted photoelectrons

Photon energy: E=hcλ=1240 eV nm200 nm=6.2 eVE = \frac{hc}{\lambda} = \frac{1240\text{ eV nm}}{200\text{ nm}} = 6.2\text{ eV}E=λhc​=200 nm1240 eV nm​=6.2 eV

So the maximum kinetic energy is Kmax⁡=E−ϕ=6.2−4.7=1.5 eVK_{\max} = E - \phi = 6.2 - 4.7 = 1.5\text{ eV}Kmax​=E−ϕ=6.2−4.7=1.5 eV


  1. Stopping condition

As electrons are emitted, the sphere becomes positively charged. Emission stops when the electric potential of the sphere is such that even the most energetic photoelectron cannot escape.

Thus, eV=Kmax⁡=1.5 eVeV = K_{\max} = 1.5\text{ eV}eV=Kmax​=1.5 eV So, V=1.5 VV = 1.5\text{ V}V=1.5 V


  1. Charge required to raise the sphere to this potential

Potential of an isolated conducting sphere: V=14πε0QRV = \frac{1}{4\pi\varepsilon_0}\frac{Q}{R}V=4πε0​1​RQ​ Hence, Q=4πε0RVQ = 4\pi\varepsilon_0 R VQ=4πε0​RV

Using 4πε0=19×1094\pi\varepsilon_0 = \frac{1}{9\times 10^9}4πε0​=9×1091​ we get Q=RV9×109Q = \frac{RV}{9\times 10^9}Q=9×109RV​

Substitute R=10−2 mR=10^{-2}\text{ m}R=10−2 m and V=1.5 VV=1.5\text{ V}V=1.5 V: Q=10−2×1.59×109=1.5×10−29×109Q = \frac{10^{-2}\times 1.5}{9\times 10^9} = \frac{1.5\times 10^{-2}}{9\times 10^9}Q=9×10910−2×1.5​=9×1091.5×10−2​ Q≈1.67×10−12 CQ \approx 1.67\times 10^{-12}\text{ C}Q≈1.67×10−12 C


  1. Number of electrons emitted

If nnn electrons are emitted, Q=neQ = neQ=ne So, n=Qe=1.67×10−121.6×10−19n = \frac{Q}{e} = \frac{1.67\times 10^{-12}}{1.6\times 10^{-19}}n=eQ​=1.6×10−191.67×10−12​ n≈1.04×107n \approx 1.04\times 10^7n≈1.04×107

Thus the maximum number of emitted photoelectrons is of the form A×10ZA\times 10^ZA×10Z with A≈1.04A\approx 1.04A≈1.04 and Z=7Z=7Z=7


  1. Final answer

7\boxed{7}7​


  1. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer = 777.

Our derived answer matches the stored answer.

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