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Properties of Triangle question

2012 · Shift 2 · Q31
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  5. /2012 · Shift 2 · Q31

Properties of Triangle question

2012 · Shift 2 · Q31

JEE AdvancedMathematicsProperties of TriangleMCQ+4 / −1
Let PQRPQRPQR be a triangle of area Δ\DeltaΔ with a=2a=2a=2, b=72b = {7 \over 2}b=27​ and c=52c = {5 \over 2}c=25​; where a,b,a, b,a,b, and ccc are the lengths of the sides of the triangle opposite to the angles at P.QP.QP.Q and RRR respectively. Then 2sin⁡P−sin⁡2P2sin⁡P+sin⁡2P{{2\sin P - \sin 2P} \over {2\sin P + \sin 2P}}2sinP+sin2P2sinP−sin2P​ equals.
  1. A
    34Δ{3 \over {4\Delta }}4Δ3​
  2. B
    454Δ{45 \over {4\Delta }}4Δ45​
  3. C
    (34Δ)2{\left( {{3 \over {4\Delta }}} \right)^2}(4Δ3​)2
  4. D
    (454Δ)2{\left( {{45 \over {4\Delta }}} \right)^2}(4Δ45​)2
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C

Step-by-step Solution:

Step 1: Simplify the given trigonometric expression.

The expression is given by 2sin⁡P−sin⁡2P2sin⁡P+sin⁡2P{{2\sin P - \sin 2P} \over {2\sin P + \sin 2P}}2sinP+sin2P2sinP−sin2P​.

We use the double angle identity for sine, which is sin⁡2P=2sin⁡Pcos⁡P\sin 2P = 2\sin P \cos Psin2P=2sinPcosP. Substituting this into the expression, we get:

2sin⁡P−2sin⁡Pcos⁡P2sin⁡P+2sin⁡Pcos⁡P\frac{2\sin P - 2\sin P \cos P}{2\sin P + 2\sin P \cos P}2sinP+2sinPcosP2sinP−2sinPcosP​

Since PPP is an angle of a triangle, 0<P<π0 < P < \pi0<P<π, which means sin⁡P≠0\sin P \neq 0sinP=0. We can factor out 2sin⁡P2\sin P2sinP from both the numerator and the denominator:

2sin⁡P(1−cos⁡P)2sin⁡P(1+cos⁡P)=1−cos⁡P1+cos⁡P\frac{2\sin P(1 - \cos P)}{2\sin P(1 + \cos P)} = \frac{1 - \cos P}{1 + \cos P}2sinP(1+cosP)2sinP(1−cosP)​=1+cosP1−cosP​

Next, we apply the half-angle identities: 1−cos⁡P=2sin⁡2(P/2)1 - \cos P = 2\sin^2(P/2)1−cosP=2sin2(P/2) 1+cos⁡P=2cos⁡2(P/2)1 + \cos P = 2\cos^2(P/2)1+cosP=2cos2(P/2)

Substituting these identities into our simplified expression:

2sin⁡2(P/2)2cos⁡2(P/2)=tan⁡2(P/2)\frac{2\sin^2(P/2)}{2\cos^2(P/2)} = \tan^2(P/2)2cos2(P/2)2sin2(P/2)​=tan2(P/2)

So, the problem is now reduced to finding the value of tan⁡2(P/2)\tan^2(P/2)tan2(P/2) for the given triangle.

Step 2: Calculate the value of tan⁡2(P/2)\tan^2(P/2)tan2(P/2) using the side lengths.

The side lengths of the triangle PQRPQRPQR are given as a=2a=2a=2, b=72b = \frac{7}{2}b=27​, and c=52c = \frac{5}{2}c=25​.

First, we calculate the semi-perimeter, sss:

s=a+b+c2=2+72+522=2+1222=2+62=82=4s = \frac{a+b+c}{2} = \frac{2 + \frac{7}{2} + \frac{5}{2}}{2} = \frac{2 + \frac{12}{2}}{2} = \frac{2+6}{2} = \frac{8}{2} = 4s=2a+b+c​=22+27​+25​​=22+212​​=22+6​=28​=4

Now, we find the values of s−as-as−a, s−bs-bs−b, and s−cs-cs−c: s−a=4−2=2s-a = 4 - 2 = 2s−a=4−2=2 s−b=4−72=8−72=12s-b = 4 - \frac{7}{2} = \frac{8-7}{2} = \frac{1}{2}s−b=4−27​=28−7​=21​ s−c=4−52=8−52=32s-c = 4 - \frac{5}{2} = \frac{8-5}{2} = \frac{3}{2}s−c=4−25​=28−5​=23​

The formula for the tangent of a half-angle in a triangle is given by:

tan⁡(P/2)=(s−b)(s−c)s(s−a)\tan(P/2) = \sqrt{\frac{(s-b)(s-c)}{s(s-a)}}tan(P/2)=s(s−a)(s−b)(s−c)​​

Squaring both sides, we get:

tan⁡2(P/2)=(s−b)(s−c)s(s−a)\tan^2(P/2) = \frac{(s-b)(s-c)}{s(s-a)}tan2(P/2)=s(s−a)(s−b)(s−c)​

Substituting the calculated values:

tan⁡2(P/2)=(12)(32)4(2)=348=332\tan^2(P/2) = \frac{(\frac{1}{2})(\frac{3}{2})}{4(2)} = \frac{\frac{3}{4}}{8} = \frac{3}{32}tan2(P/2)=4(2)(21​)(23​)​=843​​=323​

Thus, the value of the original expression is 332\frac{3}{32}323​.

Step 3: Evaluate the given options in terms of the triangle's area, Δ\DeltaΔ.

To evaluate the options, we first need to find the area of the triangle, Δ\DeltaΔ. We can use Heron's formula:

Δ=s(s−a)(s−b)(s−c)\Delta = \sqrt{s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)}Δ=s(s−a)(s−b)(s−c)​

Substituting the values:

Δ=4⋅2⋅12⋅32=4⋅1⋅32=6\Delta = \sqrt{4 \cdot 2 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{3}{2}} = \sqrt{4 \cdot 1 \cdot \frac{3}{2}} = \sqrt{6}Δ=4⋅2⋅21​⋅23​​=4⋅1⋅23​​=6​

This gives us Δ2=6\Delta^2 = 6Δ2=6.

Now, we check each option:

A: 34Δ=346{3 \over {4\Delta }} = {3 \over {4\sqrt{6}}}4Δ3​=46​3​. This is not equal to 332\frac{3}{32}323​.

B: 454Δ=4546{45 \over {4\Delta }} = {45 \over {4\sqrt{6}}}4Δ45​=46​45​. This is not equal to 332\frac{3}{32}323​.

C: (34Δ)2=916Δ2=916(6)=996{\left( {{3 \over {4\Delta }}} \right)^2} = \frac{9}{16\Delta^2} = \frac{9}{16(6)} = \frac{9}{96}(4Δ3​)2=16Δ29​=16(6)9​=969​ Simplifying the fraction by dividing the numerator and denominator by 3: 996=332\frac{9}{96} = \frac{3}{32}969​=323​ This value matches the value we found for the expression.

D: (454Δ)2=45216Δ2=202516(6)=202596{\left( {{45 \over {4\Delta }}} \right)^2} = \frac{45^2}{16\Delta^2} = \frac{2025}{16(6)} = \frac{2025}{96}(4Δ45​)2=16Δ2452​=16(6)2025​=962025​. This is not equal to 332\frac{3}{32}323​.

Step 4: Conclusion.

The value of the expression 2sin⁡P−sin⁡2P2sin⁡P+sin⁡2P{{2\sin P - \sin 2P} \over {2\sin P + \sin 2P}}2sinP+sin2P2sinP−sin2P​ is 332\frac{3}{32}323​. Option C, (34Δ)2{\left( {{3 \over {4\Delta }}} \right)^2}(4Δ3​)2, also evaluates to 332\frac{3}{32}323​. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.

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