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Permutations and Combinations question

2020 · Shift 2 · Q31
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Permutations and Combinations question

2020 · Shift 2 · Q31

JEE AdvancedMathematicsPermutations and CombinationsNumerical+4 / −1
An engineer is required to visit a factory for exactly four days during the first 15 days of every month and it is mandatory that no two visits take place on consecutive days. Then the number of all possible ways in which such visits to the factory can be made by the engineer during 1-15 June 2021 is ...........
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 495

  1. We need to choose exactly 444 visit days from the first 151515 days, with the condition that no two chosen days are consecutive.

  2. So the problem is:

    Choose 444 numbers from {1,2,3,…,15}\{1,2,3,\dots,15\}{1,2,3,…,15} such that no two are consecutive.

  3. Use the standard transformation for selections with no consecutive integers.

    If the chosen days are a1<a2<a3<a4,a_1<a_2<a_3<a_4,a1​<a2​<a3​<a4​, with ai+1−ai≥2,a_{i+1}-a_i\ge 2,ai+1​−ai​≥2, then define b1=a1,b2=a2−1,b3=a3−2,b4=a4−3.b_1=a_1,\quad b_2=a_2-1,\quad b_3=a_3-2,\quad b_4=a_4-3.b1​=a1​,b2​=a2​−1,b3​=a3​−2,b4​=a4​−3.

    Then:

    • b1<b2<b3<b4b_1<b_2<b_3<b_4b1​<b2​<b3​<b4​
    • each bib_ibi​ is an integer
    • and the largest possible value of b4b_4b4​ is 15−3=1215-3=1215−3=12

    So now we just need to choose 444 distinct numbers from {1,2,3,…,12}\{1,2,3,\dots,12\}{1,2,3,…,12}.

  4. Therefore, the number of ways is (124).\binom{12}{4}.(412​).

  5. Compute it: (124)=12⋅11⋅10⋅94⋅3⋅2⋅1=495.\binom{12}{4}=\frac{12\cdot 11\cdot 10\cdot 9}{4\cdot 3\cdot 2\cdot 1}=495.(412​)=4⋅3⋅2⋅112⋅11⋅10⋅9​=495.

  6. Hence, the total number of possible schedules is 495.495.495.

  7. Comparison with stored answer:

    • Derived answer: 495495495
    • Stored correct answer: 495495495
    • They match.
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