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Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2017 · Shift 2 · Q30
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  5. /2017 · Shift 2 · Q30

Limits Continuity and Differentiability question

2017 · Shift 2 · Q30

JEE AdvancedMathematicsLimits Continuity and DifferentiabilityMultiple correct+4 / −2
Let f(x)=1−x(1+∣1−x∣)∣1−x∣cos⁡(11−x)f(x) = {{1 - x(1 + |1 - x|)} \over {|1 - x|}}\cos \left( {{1 \over {1 - x}}} \right)f(x)=∣1−x∣1−x(1+∣1−x∣)​cos(1−x1​) for x eee 1. Then
  1. A
    lim⁡x→1+f(x)\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {1^ + }} f(x)x→1+lim​f(x) = 0
  2. B
    lim⁡x→1−f(x)\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {1^ - }} f(x)x→1−lim​f(x) does not exist
  3. C
    lim⁡x→1−f(x)\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {1^ - }} f(x)x→1−lim​f(x) = 0
  4. D
    lim⁡x→1+f(x)\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {1^ + }} f(x)x→1+lim​f(x) does not exist
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: C, D

We need to study the one-sided limits of

f(x)=1−x(1+∣1−x∣)∣1−x∣cos⁡(11−x),x≠1.f(x)=\frac{1-x(1+|1-x|)}{|1-x|}\cos\left(\frac{1}{1-x}\right), \qquad x\ne 1.f(x)=∣1−x∣1−x(1+∣1−x∣)​cos(1−x1​),x=1.

We will simplify separately for x<1x<1x<1 and x>1x>1x>1.


1. Case x→1−x\to 1^-x→1−

If x<1x<1x<1, then ∣1−x∣=1−x.|1-x|=1-x.∣1−x∣=1−x. So,

1−x(1+∣1−x∣)=1−x(1+(1−x))=1−x(2−x).1-x(1+|1-x|)=1-x\bigl(1+(1-x)\bigr)=1-x(2-x).1−x(1+∣1−x∣)=1−x(1+(1−x))=1−x(2−x).

Now simplify:

1−x(2−x)=1−2x+x2=(1−x)2.1-x(2-x)=1-2x+x^2=(1-x)^2.1−x(2−x)=1−2x+x2=(1−x)2.

Therefore,

1−x(1+∣1−x∣)∣1−x∣=(1−x)21−x=1−x.\frac{1-x(1+|1-x|)}{|1-x|}=\frac{(1-x)^2}{1-x}=1-x.∣1−x∣1−x(1+∣1−x∣)​=1−x(1−x)2​=1−x.

Hence for x<1x<1x<1,

f(x)=(1−x)cos⁡(11−x).f(x)=(1-x)\cos\left(\frac{1}{1-x}\right).f(x)=(1−x)cos(1−x1​).

Now as x→1−x\to 1^-x→1−, 1−x→0+,1-x\to 0^+,1−x→0+, and we know

−1≤cos⁡(11−x)≤1.-1\le \cos\left(\frac{1}{1-x}\right)\le 1.−1≤cos(1−x1​)≤1.

So,

−(1−x)≤f(x)≤(1−x).-(1-x)\le f(x)\le (1-x).−(1−x)≤f(x)≤(1−x).

By squeeze theorem,

lim⁡x→1−f(x)=0.\lim_{x\to 1^-} f(x)=0.x→1−lim​f(x)=0.

So:

  • B is false
  • C is true

2. Case x→1+x\to 1^+x→1+

If x>1x>1x>1, then ∣1−x∣=x−1.|1-x|=x-1.∣1−x∣=x−1. So,

1−x(1+∣1−x∣)=1−x(1+(x−1))=1−x⋅x=1−x2.1-x(1+|1-x|)=1-x\bigl(1+(x-1)\bigr)=1-x\cdot x=1-x^2.1−x(1+∣1−x∣)=1−x(1+(x−1))=1−x⋅x=1−x2.

Thus,

1−x(1+∣1−x∣)∣1−x∣=1−x2x−1.\frac{1-x(1+|1-x|)}{|1-x|}=\frac{1-x^2}{x-1}.∣1−x∣1−x(1+∣1−x∣)​=x−11−x2​.

Factor numerator:

1−x2=−(x2−1)=−(x−1)(x+1).1-x^2=-(x^2-1)=-(x-1)(x+1).1−x2=−(x2−1)=−(x−1)(x+1).

Hence,

1−x2x−1=−(x+1).\frac{1-x^2}{x-1}=-(x+1).x−11−x2​=−(x+1).

Therefore for x>1x>1x>1,

f(x)=−(x+1)cos⁡(11−x).f(x)=-(x+1)\cos\left(\frac{1}{1-x}\right).f(x)=−(x+1)cos(1−x1​).

As x→1+x\to 1^+x→1+, x+1→2,x+1\to 2,x+1→2, so the prefactor tends to −2-2−2, not to 000. Meanwhile,

cos⁡(11−x)\cos\left(\frac{1}{1-x}\right)cos(1−x1​)

oscillates because 11−x→−∞\frac{1}{1-x}\to -\infty1−x1​→−∞ as x→1+x\to 1^+x→1+.

To show the limit does not exist, take two sequences approaching 1+1^+1+.

Sequence 1

Let

11−xn=−2nπ.\frac{1}{1-x_n}=-2n\pi.1−xn​1​=−2nπ.

Then xn→1+x_n\to 1^+xn​→1+ and

cos⁡(11−xn)=cos⁡(−2nπ)=1.\cos\left(\frac{1}{1-x_n}\right)=\cos(-2n\pi)=1.cos(1−xn​1​)=cos(−2nπ)=1.

So,

f(xn)=−(xn+1)→−2.f(x_n)=-(x_n+1)\to -2.f(xn​)=−(xn​+1)→−2.

Sequence 2

Let

11−yn=−(2n+1)π.\frac{1}{1-y_n}=-(2n+1)\pi.1−yn​1​=−(2n+1)π.

Then yn→1+y_n\to 1^+yn​→1+ and

cos⁡(11−yn)=cos⁡(−(2n+1)π)=−1.\cos\left(\frac{1}{1-y_n}\right)=\cos(-(2n+1)\pi)=-1.cos(1−yn​1​)=cos(−(2n+1)π)=−1.

So,

f(yn)=−(yn+1)(−1)=yn+1→2.f(y_n)=-(y_n+1)(-1)=y_n+1\to 2.f(yn​)=−(yn​+1)(−1)=yn​+1→2.

Since two different sequences approaching 1+1^+1+ give different limit values (−2-2−2 and 222),

lim⁡x→1+f(x)\lim_{x\to 1^+} f(x)x→1+lim​f(x)

does not exist.

So:

  • A is false
  • D is true

3. Final conclusion

The correct options are: C,D\boxed{C, D}C,D​


4. Comparison with stored answer

Stored correct answer: C, D

Our derived answer: C, D

So the derived answer agrees with the stored answer.

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