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Complex Numbers question

2025 · Shift 1 · Q23
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  5. /2025 · Shift 1 · Q23

Complex Numbers question

2025 · Shift 1 · Q23

JEE AdvancedMathematicsComplex NumbersMultiple correct+4 / −2
Let ℝ denote the set of all real numbers. Let z1=1+2iz_1 = 1 + 2iz1​=1+2i and z2=3iz_2 = 3iz2​=3i be two complex numbers, where i=−1i = \sqrt{-1}i=−1​. Let S={(x,y)∈R×R:∣x+iy−z1∣=2∣x+iy−z2∣}.S = \{(x, y) \in \mathbb{R} \times \mathbb{R} : |x + iy - z_1| = 2|x + iy - z_2| \}.S={(x,y)∈R×R:∣x+iy−z1​∣=2∣x+iy−z2​∣}. Then which of the following statements is (are) TRUE?
  1. A
    S is a circle with centre (−13,103)\left(-\frac{1}{3}, \frac{10}{3}\right)(−31​,310​)
  2. B
    S is a circle with centre (13,83)\left(\frac{1}{3}, \frac{8}{3} \right)(31​,38​)
  3. C
    S is a circle with radius 23\frac{\sqrt{2}}{3}32​​
  4. D
    S is a circle with radius 223\frac{2\sqrt{2}}{3}322​​
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A, D

The user wants me to solve a problem involving the locus of a complex number, which is a common topic in JEE mathematics.

Step-by-Step Solution:

  1. Understand the Given Equation: We are given the set S of points (x, y) in the real plane ℝ × ℝ. Each point (x, y) corresponds to a complex number z = x + iy. The condition for a point to be in S is: ∣x+iy−z1∣=2∣x+iy−z2∣|x + iy - z_1| = 2|x + iy - z_2|∣x+iy−z1​∣=2∣x+iy−z2​∣ where z1=1+2iz_1 = 1 + 2iz1​=1+2i and z2=3iz_2 = 3iz2​=3i. In terms of the complex number z, this equation is: ∣z−z1∣=2∣z−z2∣|z - z_1| = 2|z - z_2|∣z−z1​∣=2∣z−z2​∣ This equation describes the locus of points z such that the distance from z to z1z_1z1​ is twice the distance from z to z2z_2z2​. This is the definition of a Circle of Apollonius.

  2. Substitute the Complex Numbers and Simplify: Let z = x + iy. Substitute the given values of z1z_1z1​ and z2z_2z2​ into the equation: ∣(x+iy)−(1+2i)∣=2∣(x+iy)−3i∣| (x + iy) - (1 + 2i) | = 2 | (x + iy) - 3i |∣(x+iy)−(1+2i)∣=2∣(x+iy)−3i∣ Group the real and imaginary parts inside the modulus: ∣(x−1)+i(y−2)∣=2∣x+i(y−3)∣| (x - 1) + i(y - 2) | = 2 | x + i(y - 3) |∣(x−1)+i(y−2)∣=2∣x+i(y−3)∣

  3. Use the Definition of Modulus: The modulus of a complex number a + ib is √(a² + b²). Applying this to our equation: (x−1)2+(y−2)2=2x2+(y−3)2\sqrt{(x - 1)^2 + (y - 2)^2} = 2 \sqrt{x^2 + (y - 3)^2}(x−1)2+(y−2)2​=2x2+(y−3)2​

  4. Square Both Sides and Expand: To eliminate the square roots, we square both sides of the equation: (x−1)2+(y−2)2=4[x2+(y−3)2](x - 1)^2 + (y - 2)^2 = 4 [x^2 + (y - 3)^2](x−1)2+(y−2)2=4[x2+(y−3)2] Now, expand the squared terms: (x2−2x+1)+(y2−4y+4)=4(x2+y2−6y+9)(x^2 - 2x + 1) + (y^2 - 4y + 4) = 4(x^2 + y^2 - 6y + 9)(x2−2x+1)+(y2−4y+4)=4(x2+y2−6y+9) x2+y2−2x−4y+5=4x2+4y2−24y+36x^2 + y^2 - 2x - 4y + 5 = 4x^2 + 4y^2 - 24y + 36x2+y2−2x−4y+5=4x2+4y2−24y+36

  5. Rearrange into the Standard Equation of a Circle: Move all terms to one side to get the general form of a circle's equation, Ax² + Ay² + Dx + Ey + F = 0. 0=(4x2−x2)+(4y2−y2)+2x+(4y−24y)+(36−5)0 = (4x^2 - x^2) + (4y^2 - y^2) + 2x + (4y - 24y) + (36 - 5)0=(4x2−x2)+(4y2−y2)+2x+(4y−24y)+(36−5) 0=3x2+3y2+2x−20y+310 = 3x^2 + 3y^2 + 2x - 20y + 310=3x2+3y2+2x−20y+31 This is the equation of a circle. To find its center and radius, we can convert it to the standard form x² + y² + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 by dividing the entire equation by 3: x2+y2+23x−203y+313=0x^2 + y^2 + \frac{2}{3}x - \frac{20}{3}y + \frac{31}{3} = 0x2+y2+32​x−320​y+331​=0

  6. Determine the Center and Radius: For a circle with the equation x² + y² + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0, the center is (-g, -f) and the radius is r = √(g² + f² - c).

    Comparing our equation with the standard form, we have: 2g = 2/3 => g = 1/3 2f = -20/3 => f = -10/3 c = 31/3

    The center of the circle is: (-g, -f) = (-1/3, -(-10/3)) = (-1/3, 10/3)

    The radius of the circle is: r=(1/3)2+(−10/3)2−31/3r = \sqrt{(1/3)^2 + (-10/3)^2 - 31/3}r=(1/3)2+(−10/3)2−31/3​ r=1/9+100/9−31/3r = \sqrt{1/9 + 100/9 - 31/3}r=1/9+100/9−31/3​ r=101/9−93/9r = \sqrt{101/9 - 93/9}r=101/9−93/9​ r=8/9r = \sqrt{8/9}r=8/9​ r = (√8) / (√9) = (2√2) / 3

  7. Evaluate the Options:

    • A: S is a circle with centre (-1/3, 10/3) Our calculated center is (-1/3, 10/3). This statement is TRUE.
    • B: S is a circle with centre (1/3, 8/3) This does not match our calculated center. This statement is FALSE.
    • C: S is a circle with radius √2/3 This does not match our calculated radius. This statement is FALSE.
    • D: S is a circle with radius (2√2)/3 Our calculated radius is (2√2)/3. This statement is TRUE.

Conclusion:

Based on the calculations, the set S represents a circle with center (-1/3, 10/3) and radius (2√2)/3. Therefore, options A and D are correct.

Next

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