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Circle question

2008 · Shift 1 · Q39
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  5. /2008 · Shift 1 · Q39

Circle question

2008 · Shift 1 · Q39

JEE AdvancedMathematicsCircleMCQ+3 / −1
A circle C of radius 1 is inscribed in an equilateral triangle PQR. The points of contact of C with the sides PQ, QR, RP are D, E, F, respectively. The line PQ is given by the equation 3x + y − 6=0\sqrt 3 x\, + \,y\, - \,6 = 03​x+y−6=0 and the point D is (3 32, 32)\left( {{{3\,\sqrt 3 } \over 2},\,{3 \over 2}} \right)(233​​,23​). Further, it is given that the origin and the centre of C are on the same side of the line PQ.Points E and F are given by
  1. A
    ( 32, 32), (3, 0)\left( {{{\,\sqrt 3 } \over 2},\,{3 \over 2}} \right),\,\left( {\sqrt 3 ,\,0} \right)(23​​,23​),(3​,0)
  2. B
    ( 32, 12), (3, 0)\left( {{{\,\sqrt 3 } \over 2},\,{1 \over 2}} \right),\,\left( {\sqrt 3 ,\,0} \right)(23​​,21​),(3​,0)
  3. C
    ( 32, 32), ( 32, 12)\left( {{{\,\sqrt 3 } \over 2},\,{3 \over 2}} \right),\,\left( {{{\,\sqrt 3 } \over 2},\,{1 \over 2}} \right)(23​​,23​),(23​​,21​)
  4. D
    ( 32, 32), ( 32, 12)\left( {{{\,3} \over 2},\,{{\sqrt 3 } \over 2}} \right),\,\left( {{{\,\sqrt 3 } \over 2},\,{1 \over 2}} \right)(23​,23​​),(23​​,21​)
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: A

Step-by-step Solution:

1. Find the center of the inscribed circle C.

Let the center of the circle C be O′=(h,k)O'=(h, k)O′=(h,k). The radius is given as r=1r=1r=1. The line PQ has the equation L≡3x+y−6=0L \equiv \sqrt{3}x + y - 6 = 0L≡3​x+y−6=0. The point of contact is D=(332,32)D = \left( \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}, \frac{3}{2} \right)D=(233​​,23​).

The line segment O′DO'DO′D is a radius of the circle and is perpendicular to the tangent line PQ. The slope of PQ is mPQ=−3m_{PQ} = -\sqrt{3}mPQ​=−3​. The slope of the normal line O′DO'DO′D is mO′D=−1/mPQ=1/3m_{O'D} = -1/m_{PQ} = 1/\sqrt{3}mO′D​=−1/mPQ​=1/3​.

The equation of the line passing through D and containing the center O' is: y−32=13(x−332)y - \frac{3}{2} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}} \left(x - \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)y−23​=3​1​(x−233​​) y−32=13x−32y - \frac{3}{2} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}x - \frac{3}{2}y−23​=3​1​x−23​ y=x3  ⟹  k=h3y = \frac{x}{\sqrt{3}} \implies k = \frac{h}{\sqrt{3}}y=3​x​⟹k=3​h​ So, the center (h,k)(h,k)(h,k) lies on the line y=x/3y=x/\sqrt{3}y=x/3​.

The distance from the center O′(h,k)O'(h, k)O′(h,k) to the line PQ is equal to the radius, r=1r=1r=1. ∣3h+k−6(3)2+12∣=1|\frac{\sqrt{3}h + k - 6}{\sqrt{(\sqrt{3})^2 + 1^2}}| = 1∣(3​)2+12​3​h+k−6​∣=1 ∣3h+k−62∣=1|\frac{\sqrt{3}h + k - 6}{2}| = 1∣23​h+k−6​∣=1 3h+k−6=2or3h+k−6=−2\sqrt{3}h + k - 6 = 2 \quad \text{or} \quad \sqrt{3}h + k - 6 = -23​h+k−6=2or3​h+k−6=−2

Substitute k=h/3k = h/\sqrt{3}k=h/3​ into these two equations:

Case 1: 3h+h3=8  ⟹  3h+h3=8  ⟹  4h=83  ⟹  h=23\sqrt{3}h + \frac{h}{\sqrt{3}} = 8 \implies \frac{3h+h}{\sqrt{3}} = 8 \implies 4h = 8\sqrt{3} \implies h = 2\sqrt{3}3​h+3​h​=8⟹3​3h+h​=8⟹4h=83​⟹h=23​. Then k=233=2k = \frac{2\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}} = 2k=3​23​​=2. The center is (23,2)(2\sqrt{3}, 2)(23​,2).

Case 2: 3h+h3=4  ⟹  4h3=4  ⟹  h=3\sqrt{3}h + \frac{h}{\sqrt{3}} = 4 \implies \frac{4h}{\sqrt{3}} = 4 \implies h = \sqrt{3}3​h+3​h​=4⟹3​4h​=4⟹h=3​. Then k=33=1k = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}} = 1k=3​3​​=1. The center is (3,1)(\sqrt{3}, 1)(3​,1).

We are given that the origin (0,0)(0,0)(0,0) and the center of C are on the same side of the line PQ. Let's check the sign of the expression L(x,y)=3x+y−6L(x,y) = \sqrt{3}x + y - 6L(x,y)=3​x+y−6 at the origin and the two possible centers. At the origin: L(0,0)=3(0)+0−6=−6L(0,0) = \sqrt{3}(0) + 0 - 6 = -6L(0,0)=3​(0)+0−6=−6, which is negative.

For Case 1, center (23,2)(2\sqrt{3}, 2)(23​,2): L(23,2)=3(23)+2−6=6+2−6=2L(2\sqrt{3}, 2) = \sqrt{3}(2\sqrt{3}) + 2 - 6 = 6+2-6 = 2L(23​,2)=3​(23​)+2−6=6+2−6=2, which is positive. This is rejected. For Case 2, center (3,1)(\sqrt{3}, 1)(3​,1): L(3,1)=3(3)+1−6=3+1−6=−2L(\sqrt{3}, 1) = \sqrt{3}(\sqrt{3}) + 1 - 6 = 3+1-6 = -2L(3​,1)=3​(3​)+1−6=3+1−6=−2, which is negative. This is accepted.

So, the center of the circle C is O′=(3,1)O' = (\sqrt{3}, 1)O′=(3​,1).

2. Find the coordinates of points E and F.

The points D, E, F are the points of contact of the incircle with the sides of an equilateral triangle. These points D, E, F themselves form an equilateral triangle inscribed in circle C. The angle between the radii to any two consecutive points of contact is 120∘120^\circ120∘. We can find the coordinates of E and F by rotating the vector O′D⃗\vec{O'D}O′D by ±120∘\pm 120^\circ±120∘ about the center O'.

The vector from the center O' to the point D is: O′D⃗=D−O′=(332−3,32−1)=(32,12)\vec{O'D} = D - O' = \left( \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2} - \sqrt{3}, \frac{3}{2} - 1 \right) = \left( \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}, \frac{1}{2} \right)O′D=D−O′=(233​​−3​,23​−1)=(23​​,21​) Let this vector be represented in complex numbers as zD=32+i12=eiπ/6z_D = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} + i\frac{1}{2} = e^{i \pi/6}zD​=23​​+i21​=eiπ/6. To get the vectors O′E⃗\vec{O'E}O′E and O′F⃗\vec{O'F}O′F, we rotate this by ±120∘\pm 120^\circ±120∘ (or ±2π/3\pm 2\pi/3±2π/3 radians).

Rotation by +120∘+120^\circ+120∘: zE=zD⋅ei2π/3=eiπ/6⋅ei2π/3=ei(π/6+4π/6)=ei5π/6z_E = z_D \cdot e^{i 2\pi/3} = e^{i \pi/6} \cdot e^{i 2\pi/3} = e^{i (\pi/6 + 4\pi/6)} = e^{i 5\pi/6}zE​=zD​⋅ei2π/3=eiπ/6⋅ei2π/3=ei(π/6+4π/6)=ei5π/6 zE=cos⁡(5π/6)+isin⁡(5π/6)=−32+i12z_E = \cos(5\pi/6) + i \sin(5\pi/6) = -\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} + i\frac{1}{2}zE​=cos(5π/6)+isin(5π/6)=−23​​+i21​ This corresponds to the vector O′E⃗=(−32,12)\vec{O'E} = \left(-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right)O′E=(−23​​,21​). The coordinates of point E are O′+O′E⃗=(3,1)+(−32,12)=(32,32)O' + \vec{O'E} = (\sqrt{3}, 1) + \left(-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) = \left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}, \frac{3}{2}\right)O′+O′E=(3​,1)+(−23​​,21​)=(23​​,23​).

Rotation by −120∘-120^\circ−120∘: zF=zD⋅e−i2π/3=eiπ/6⋅e−i2π/3=ei(π/6−4π/6)=e−i3π/6=e−iπ/2z_F = z_D \cdot e^{-i 2\pi/3} = e^{i \pi/6} \cdot e^{-i 2\pi/3} = e^{i (\pi/6 - 4\pi/6)} = e^{-i 3\pi/6} = e^{-i \pi/2}zF​=zD​⋅e−i2π/3=eiπ/6⋅e−i2π/3=ei(π/6−4π/6)=e−i3π/6=e−iπ/2 zF=cos⁡(−π/2)+isin⁡(−π/2)=0−iz_F = \cos(-\pi/2) + i \sin(-\pi/2) = 0 - izF​=cos(−π/2)+isin(−π/2)=0−i This corresponds to the vector O′F⃗=(0,−1)\vec{O'F} = (0, -1)O′F=(0,−1). The coordinates of point F are O′+O′F⃗=(3,1)+(0,−1)=(3,0)O' + \vec{O'F} = (\sqrt{3}, 1) + (0, -1) = (\sqrt{3}, 0)O′+O′F=(3​,1)+(0,−1)=(3​,0).

So, the other two points of contact are E and F, with coordinates (32,32)\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}, \frac{3}{2}\right)(23​​,23​) and (3,0)(\sqrt{3}, 0)(3​,0).

3. Compare with options. The calculated points are (32,32)\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}, \frac{3}{2}\right)(23​​,23​) and (3,0)(\sqrt{3}, 0)(3​,0). This matches option A.

Final check: Point D: (332,32)\left( \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}, \frac{3}{2} \right)(233​​,23​) Point E: (32,32)\left( \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}, \frac{3}{2} \right)(23​​,23​) Point F: (3,0)(\sqrt{3}, 0)(3​,0)

Distance DE: (332−32)2+(32−32)2=(3)2=3\sqrt{(\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2} - \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2})^2 + (\frac{3}{2}-\frac{3}{2})^2} = \sqrt{(\sqrt{3})^2} = \sqrt{3}(233​​−23​​)2+(23​−23​)2​=(3​)2​=3​. Distance EF: (32−3)2+(32−0)2=(−32)2+(32)2=34+94=124=3\sqrt{(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} - \sqrt{3})^2 + (\frac{3}{2}-0)^2} = \sqrt{(-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2})^2 + (\frac{3}{2})^2} = \sqrt{\frac{3}{4} + \frac{9}{4}} = \sqrt{\frac{12}{4}} = \sqrt{3}(23​​−3​)2+(23​−0)2​=(−23​​)2+(23​)2​=43​+49​​=412​​=3​. Distance FD: (3−332)2+(0−32)2=(−32)2+(−32)2=34+94=124=3\sqrt{(\sqrt{3} - \frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2})^2 + (0-\frac{3}{2})^2} = \sqrt{(-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2})^2 + (-\frac{3}{2})^2} = \sqrt{\frac{3}{4} + \frac{9}{4}} = \sqrt{\frac{12}{4}} = \sqrt{3}(3​−233​​)2+(0−23​)2​=(−23​​)2+(−23​)2​=43​+49​​=412​​=3​. Since all sides are equal, the points D, E, F form an equilateral triangle, as expected.

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