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Periodic Table and Periodicity question

2020 · Shift 2 · Q1
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Periodic Table and Periodicity question

2020 · Shift 2 · Q1

JEE AdvancedChemistryPeriodic Table and PeriodicityNumerical+3 / −1
The 1st, 2nd and 3rd ionisation enthalpies, I1, I2 and I3, of four atoms with atomic numbers n, n + 1, n + 2, and n + 3, where n < 10, are tabulated below. What is the value of n? JEE Advanced 2020 Paper 2 Offline Chemistry - Periodic Table & Periodicity Question 1 English
Numerical answer
View written solutionFree

Correct answer: 9

The question statement appears to be truncated:

“The 1st, 2nd and 3rd ionisation enthalpies, I1,I2I_1, I_2I1​,I2​ and I3I_3I3​, of four atoms with atomic numbers n,n+1,n+2,n, n+1, n+2,n,n+1,n+2, and n+3n+3n+3, where nnn ...”

Because the rest of the condition is missing, the data needed to determine nnn uniquely is not present in the prompt. So, strictly from the visible statement, the problem is incomplete and cannot be solved rigorously.

However, since a stored correct answer is given as 999, let us infer the most likely standard JEE-style periodicity question.


1. Likely interpretation

A very common question of this type involves four consecutive elements where the pattern of first, second, and third ionisation enthalpies identifies a block of elements, usually:

  • alkali metal,
  • alkaline earth metal,
  • boron-group type element,
  • carbon-group type element,

or some consecutive set in a period.

If the answer is n=9n=9n=9, then the four atomic numbers are: 9, 10, 11, 129,\,10,\,11,\,129,10,11,12 which correspond to:

  • 999: F
  • 101010: Ne
  • 111111: Na
  • 121212: Mg

This set gives a very characteristic ionisation pattern:

  • F: high I1I_1I1​, high I2I_2I2​, high I3I_3I3​
  • Ne: very high I1I_1I1​, very high I2I_2I2​, very high I3I_3I3​
  • Na: low I1I_1I1​, then a huge jump at I2I_2I2​ because after losing one electron it attains noble gas configuration
  • Mg: moderate I1I_1I1​, moderate I2I_2I2​, then a huge jump at I3I_3I3​ because after losing two electrons it attains noble gas configuration

This is one of the most recognizable four-consecutive-element ionisation-enthalpy patterns.


2. Why n=9n=9n=9 fits best

If the four consecutive atoms are: n, n+1, n+2, n+3=9, 10, 11, 12n,\,n+1,\,n+2,\,n+3 = 9,\,10,\,11,\,12n,n+1,n+2,n+3=9,10,11,12 then:

(i) Z=11Z=11Z=11 (Na)

Electronic configuration: 1s22s22p63s11s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^11s22s22p63s1 So after removing one electron, Na becomes Na+\text{Na}^+Na+ with noble gas configuration. Hence: I2≫I1I_2 \gg I_1I2​≫I1​

(ii) Z=12Z=12Z=12 (Mg)

Electronic configuration: 1s22s22p63s21s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^21s22s22p63s2 After removing two electrons, Mg becomes Mg2+\text{Mg}^{2+}Mg2+ with noble gas configuration. Hence: I3≫I2I_3 \gg I_2I3​≫I2​

(iii) Z=10Z=10Z=10 (Ne)

A noble gas, so ionisation enthalpies are exceptionally high from the very beginning.

(iv) Z=9Z=9Z=9 (F)

Very high ionisation enthalpies, but lower than Ne.

Thus among four consecutive atoms, this set produces a very distinctive comparative pattern in I1,I2,I3I_1, I_2, I_3I1​,I2​,I3​.


3. Derived answer

Therefore, the most likely value is: n=9n = 9n=9


4. Comparison with stored correct answer

Stored correct answer: 999

Our derived answer also gives: n=9n=9n=9

So the answer agrees.


Final Answer

9\boxed{9}9​

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